Skip to main content
True Precision Machining
Engineering hub

Engineering · GD&T

Profile of a line.

A 2D tolerance that controls a single cross-section of a curved or contoured surface. The tolerance zone is bounded by two parallel curves matching the basic profile, separated by the tolerance value. Less common than profile-of-a-surface but useful when only at-section profile matters.

Symbol
Category
Profile
Datum required?
Optional
Standard
ASME Y14.5

01 · Definition

Curved tolerance band, single cross-section.

Profile of a line creates a tolerance zone defined by basic dimensions (the nominal contour) bounded on both sides by parallel curves at half the tolerance value. The toleranced cross-section line element must lie within that zone.

Without datums, profile of a line is a pure form control — the line element must match the basic shape but the cross-section can be located anywhere. With datums, the basic shape is also located in space relative to the datum reference frame.

The tolerance distribution defaults to bilateral (half on each side of the basic profile). Unequally distributed (e.g., 0.005 outside, 0.000 inside) is specified with U modifier or with separate FCF for each side.

02 · FCF and example

Cam profile cross-section.

⌒ 0.003 A B
Profile of a line, 0.003″ tolerance zone, located by datums A and B

A cam-lobe cross-section called out as ⌒ 0.003 A B. The drawing defines the basic cam profile with basic dimensions, and the cross-section line element must lie within ±0.0015″ (bilateral) of the basic profile, located by datums A and B.

The tolerance applies at every cross-section independently — each section can be inspected on its own without comparing to adjacent sections. For control across the full axial extent of the cam, you’d use profile of a surface instead.

03 · When line vs surface

2D vs 3D control.

  • Profile of a line: at-section control. Each cross-section evaluated independently. Cheaper to specify, easier to inspect with traveling-line probe scans.
  • Profile of a surface: 3D volumetric control. The full surface evaluated against the basic shape. More restrictive — captures axial deviation that line-profile would miss.
  • Default to surface unless line is sufficient: profile of a surface is the more common choice. Profile of a line is appropriate when only the cross-sectional shape matters and you don’t care about variation along the axial direction.

Technically reviewed by the True Precision Machining engineering team · Last reviewed June 2026

Standards referenced: ASME Y14.5-2018

Have a part that needs to be made right?

Tell us about your part and we'll quote within 24 hours. Aerospace, medical, and defense work welcome.

Quotes in 24 hours